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Vladimir I. Gelfand Ph.D./D.Sc., E-mail: vgelfand@northwestern.edu Link
to lab webpage: www.gelfandlab.northwestern.edu Detailed research description: One of the remarkable features of
eukaryotic cells is their ability for rapid transport of intracellular
organelles in the cytoplasm. Examples of such transport include segregation
of chromosomes during cell division and the transport of organelles in
neurons from the cell body into axons and dendrites. Movements of organelles
are powered by molecular motors. Microtubule motors(kinesins and dyneins)
move along microtubules and myosins move along microfilaments. We want to
know how multiple motors on the surface of the same cargo work together in
organelle movement, how these motors are attached to the surface of
organelles, and what regulates their activity. We use two cellular models to
answer these questions. One model is cultured pigment cells (melanophores).
These cells activate movement of pigment organelles in response to
hormone-modulated changes of cAMP concentration. The movement of pigment
organelles is powered by three different motors (two microtubule motors of
different polarity and a myosin) and this system is very convenient for
analysis of motor regulation. A second model is cultured Drosophila cells that we use to
individual components of transport machinery by using RNAi. In our work, we
employ techniques of cell and molecular biology and computer-assisted
microscopy of living cells and purified organelles as well as high-resolution
and high-sensitivity biophysical methods.
S.
L. Rogers and V. R. L. Karcher, J. T. Roland, F. Zappacosta, M. J. Huddleston,
R. S. Annan, S. A. Carr, and V. I.
Gelfand (2001) Cell cycle regulation of myosin-V by
calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II. Science 293: 1317-1320 R. L. Karcher, S. W. Deacon and V. I. Gelfand (2002) Motor-cargo interactions: the key to
transport specificity. Trends in
Cell Biology, 12: 12: 21-27. S. P. Gross, M. C. Tuma, S. W. Deacon, A. S. Serpinskaya, A.
R. Reilein and V. I.
Gelfand (2002) Interactions and regulation of molecular motors in Xenopus
melanophores J. Cell Biol. 15:855-65 S. W.
Deacon, A. S. Serpinskaya, P. S. Vaughan, M. L. Fanarraga, I. Vernos, K. T.
Vaughan, and V. I. Gelfand (2003) Dynactin is required for
bidirectional organelle transport.
J. Cell Biol. 160:297-301 A. C. Nascimento, J. T. Roland and V .I. Gelfand. (2003) Pigment cells as a model for
the study of organelle transport. Ann. Rev. of Cell and Developmental
Biology 19:469-91 S.
W. Deacon, A. A. Nascimento, A.S. Serpinskaya, V. I. Gelfand VI (2005)
Regulation of bidirectional melanosome transport by organelle bound
MAP kinase. Curr. Biol. 15:459-463. S.C.
Ling, P. S. Fahrner, W. T. Greenough, V.I.
Gelfand VI. (2004) Transport of Drosophila fragile X mental retardation
protein-containing ribonucleoprotein granules by kinesin-1 and cytoplasmic
dynein. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U S A. 101:17428-17433. C.
Kural, H. Kim, |
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